Seismic and Infrasound Signals from the 2023 Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska Eruption
On July 12, 2023, Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska commenced a months-long eruption consisting of at least 13 discrete explosive events. In addition to hazardous ash plumes and tephra fall, these eruptive episodes exhibited similar inter-eruptive durations and increases in seismic and infrasound tremor amplitudes prior to each explosive eruption. Here we focus on analyzing the three local seismic and infrasound stations at Shishaldin and describe their notable features. We utilize a recently introduced Machine Learning tool (VOISS-Net) to detect and classify the seismic spectral characteristics (Tan et al., 2024) to determine the type, onset, and duration of seismicity. We also compute reduced displacement and infrasound pressure to analyze amplitude variability over time. We find that the eruptive episodes were preceded by hours to days of broadband seismic tremor. The seismic amplitudes increased prior to the paroxysmal phase and often had a double-peaked shape. Infrasound signals, when not masked by wind noise, generally follow similar trends to the seismic data and often display a transition from discrete explosions to sustained signals. The paroxysmal phases had notable ground-coupled acoustic waves in the seismic spectra above ~3 Hz, complicating interpretation. The seismic and infrasound data from these eruptions were critical for eruption monitoring by the Alaska Volcano Observatory, and were the foundation of numerous eruption forecasts. We demonstrate that the signal classifications and trends we observe here have utility for eruption monitoring and forecasting at other volcanoes worldwide.
Reference:
Tan, D., Fee, D., Girona, Haney, M., Witsil, A., Wech, A. (2024) “Investigation of tremor and explosion sequences from the 2021-2022 eruption of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska using deep learning”. SSA Annual Meeting Abstracts.
Session: Seismoacoustic, Geodetic and Other Geophysical Investigations of Active Volcanoes - II
Type: Oral
Room: Kahtnu 2
Date: 5/3/2024
Presentation Time: 11:15 AM (local time)
Presenting Author: David Fee
Student Presenter: No
Additional Authors
David Fee Presenting Author Corresponding Author dfee1@alaska.edu University of Alaska Fairbanks |
Matthew Haney mhaney@usgs.gov U.S. Geological Survey |
Darren Tan ptan@alaska.edu University of Alaska Fairbanks |
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Seismic and Infrasound Signals from the 2023 Shishaldin Volcano, Alaska Eruption
Category
Seismoacoustic, Geodetic and Other Geophysical Investigations of Active Volcanoes
Description