Geodetic Measurements Reveal Time-Averaged Surface Deformation in the Valles Caldera
Description:
The Valles Caldera, located within New Mexico, formed through a sequence of rhyolitic eruptions ~1.6 and ~1.2 Ma and has been the host to more recent eruptions as young as ~69 ka along a ring fracture within the caldera. Extensive geophysical work has indicated the presence of a shallow crustal magma body and a near-surface geothermal system. However, few measurements exist to constrain the transient nature of this coupled system which is key to assessing hazards. Here, we present the results of a geodetic survey that measured time-averaged surface deformation across 20-years within and around the Valles Caldera. Thirteen GPS benchmarks originally installed and measured in 2002 and 2003 were reoccupied in 2022. The data from the survey network was process alongside 25 additional IGS and regional stations using GAMIT and GLOBK v10.72 to resolve surface horizontal and vertical surface deformation within mm scale uncertainties. We compare the time-averaged surface deformation to intra-caldera seismicity collected by the Los Alamos Seismic Network and source models to constrain likely scenarios that produce the deformation. We note that even though results present a necessary step in understanding the thermomechanical state of the Valles Caldera, continuous observations will ultimately be needed to get a complete picture of surface deformation which can vary across shorter timescales.
Session: Seismology's Role in Assessing Volcanic Hazard at Multiple Time Scales [Poster]
Type: Poster
Date: 4/18/2023
Presentation Time: 08:00 AM (local time)
Presenting Author: Nathan Maier
Student Presenter: No
Invited Presentation:
Authors
Nathan Maier Presenting Author Corresponding Author nmaier@lanl.gov Los Alamos National Laboratory |
Ronni Grapenthin rgrapenthin@alaska.edu University of Alaska Fairbanks |
Andy Newman anewman@gatech.edu Georgia Institute of Technology |
Carly Donahue cmd@lanl.gov Los Alamos National Laboratory |
Eric Lindsey eol@unm.edu University of New Mexico |
Savannah Devine sdevine1@unm.edu University of New Mexico |
Peter Roberts proberts@lanl.gov Los Alamos National Laboratory |
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Geodetic Measurements Reveal Time-Averaged Surface Deformation in the Valles Caldera
Category
Seismology's Role in Assessing Volcanic Hazard at Multiple Time Scales