The amplitude of ground shaking during an earthquake varies spatially, due to location-to-location differences in wave propagation, attenuation, and source- and site-effects. These variations have important implications for impacts to infrastructure systems and other distributed assets. This presentation will provide an overview of efforts to quantify spatial correlations in amplitudes, via past earthquakes and numerical simulations. Fitting of traditional empirical models will be discussed, followed by the introduction of new techniques to account for soil conditions and other site-specific effects. The role of numerical simulations and new measurement technologies will also be introduced. Finally, some regional risk analysis results will be presented to demonstrate the potential role of spatial correlations on impacts to the built environment.
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Joyner Lecture: Spatial Correlation in Ground Motion Intensities: Measurement, Prediction, and Seismic Risk Implications