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Findings from a Decade of Ground Motion Simulation Validation Research and a Path Forward

Description: 

Simulation of earthquake ground motions has advanced in recent years, with modelers utilizing various approaches (e.g., deterministic, kinematic, dynamic, stochastic, and hybrid methods) to represent real ground motions more accurately. Simulated ground motions have the potential to advance seismic hazard assessments and structural response analyses, particularly for conditions with limited recorded ground motions such as large magnitude earthquakes at short source-to-site distances. However, rigorous validation of simulated ground motions is needed for hazard analysts, practicing engineers, or regulatory bodies to be confident in their use. A decade ago, validation exercises were mainly limited to comparisons of simulated-to-observed waveforms and median values of spectral accelerations for selected earthquakes. The Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Ground Motion Simulation Validation (GMSV) group was formed to increase coordination between simulation modelers and research engineers with the aim of devising and applying more effective methods for simulation validation. Here, we summarize what has been learned in over a decade of GMSV activities, principally reflecting the views of the SCEC research community but also extending our findings and suggestions for a path forward to broader U.S. and worldwide simulation validation efforts. We categorize different validation methods according to their approach and the metrics considered. These two general approaches are to compare validation metrics from simulations to those from historical records or to those from semi-empirical models. Validation metrics are categorized into ground motion characteristics and structural responses. We discuss example validation studies that have been impactful in the past decade and suggest future research directions. Key lessons learned are that validation is application-specific, our outreach and dissemination need improvement, and much validation-related research remains unexplored. The work to be presented is published as a journal paper (Rezaeian et al. 2023, Earthquake Spectra, doi:10.1177/87552930231212475).

Session: Physics-Based Ground Motion Modeling - II

Type: Oral

Date: 5/3/2024

Presentation Time: 11:15 AM (local time)

Presenting Author: Sanaz

Student Presenter: No

Invited Presentation: 

Authors