Systematic Investigation and Comparison of the 2018 and 2020 Kīlauea Volcano Eruptions Based on Ambient Seismic Noise Analysis
Description:
Detection of precursors for volcanic eruptions is crucial for mitigating the soci- etal and environmental impacts of these destructive geological hazards. Seismic ambient noise analysis has become increasingly popular for revealing temporal velocity variations before and after volcanic eruptions. These variations may inform us of crustal perturbations due to the movement of magma, gas, or flu- ids. In 2018, Kīlauea volcano in Hawai’i experienced its largest Lower East Rift Zone eruption and summit caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After just over a year of quiescence, its summit underwent a series of much smaller eruptions from December 2020 to September 2023. In this study, we systematically investigate and compare the 2018 and 2020 eruptions by applying seismic ambient noise analysis.
We download continuous waveform data from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), recorded by the Hawaiian Volcano Obser- vatory broadband seismometers in the summit area and the Middle East Rift Zone (MERZ) of Kīlauea. After pre-processing of the data, we perform the stretching technique to solve for velocity changes from 2015 through 2023. We find that while there are velocity decreases for the summit stations during the 2020 eruption, they are significantly smaller than those corresponding to the 2018 eruption. We also observe large variations for the MERZ stations during the 2020 eruption, indicating magma presence and migration. Our results sug- gest that combination of horizontal and vertical components in cross-correlation analysis can provide additional knowledge on magmatic activity. In addition, our estimated velocity variations are larger than those from previous studies in general. GPS and InSAR data are integrated to provide further analysis of our results. Our study illustrates how the subsurface velocity structure varies in response to volcanic eruptions and may offer new insight into how a volcano readjusts itself after a large eruption.
Session: Multidisciplinary Approaches for Volcanic Eruption Forecasting - II
Type: Oral
Date: 5/2/2024
Presentation Time: 04:30 PM (local time)
Presenting Author: Elizabeth
Student Presenter: Yes
Invited Presentation:
Authors
Elizabeth Vinarski Presenting Author Corresponding Author elizabeth.vinarski@earth.miami.edu University of Miami |
Guoqing Lin glin@earth.miami.edu University of Miami |
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Systematic Investigation and Comparison of the 2018 and 2020 Kīlauea Volcano Eruptions Based on Ambient Seismic Noise Analysis
Category
Multidisciplinary Aproaches for Volcanic Eruption Forecasting